After abusive episodes, abusers often revert to their charming behavior, thus creating a (traumatic) bond that makes it harder for both the victim and abuser to terminate their relationship.

It is common for abusers to lavish apologies, professions of love, gifts, and attention upon their victims. They frequently promise to change, but abusive people seldom alter their abusive pattern, especially if they have personality disorders such as antisocial, borderline, narcissistic, histrionic, and paranoid disorders.

Low Self-Esteem

Cyclical Turmoil of Feelings

History of Abuse within Relationships

View Women, Relationships, and Intimacy with Fear

Acute Separation Anxiety

Possessive Jealousy

Sexual Manipulation and Subjugation

Beliefs in Extremism

Substance Abuse

Financial Problems

Conflict